Kusamala pakuwotcherera kwa nsanja yamphamvu yamphepo

Popanga nsanja yamphepo yamphepo, kuwotcherera ndi njira yofunika kwambiri.Ubwino wa kuwotcherera mwachindunji zimakhudza kupanga khalidwe la nsanja.Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta za weld ndi njira zingapo zopewera.

1. Bowo la mpweya ndi kuphatikizidwa kwa slag
Porosity: Porosity imatanthawuza pabowo lomwe limapangidwa pamene mpweya wa dziwe losungunuka sumathawa zitsulo zisanalimba ndipo zimakhalabe mu weld.Mpweya wake ukhoza kuyamwa ndi dziwe losungunuka kuchokera kunja, kapena ukhoza kupangidwa ndi zomwe zimachitika muzitsulo zowotcherera.
(1) Zifukwa zazikulu za mabowo a mpweya: pali dzimbiri, banga lamafuta, ndi zina zambiri pamwamba pa zitsulo zoyambira kapena zitsulo zodzaza, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mabowo a mpweya kudzawonjezeka ngati ndodo yowotcherera ndi kutulutsa siziuma, chifukwa dzimbiri. , banga lamafuta, ndi chinyezi mu zokutira ndi kutuluka kwa ndodo yowotcherera zimawotchera kukhala gasi pa kutentha kwakukulu, kumawonjezera zomwe zili mu gasi muzitsulo zotentha kwambiri.Mphamvu yowotcherera ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, ndipo liwiro lozizira la dziwe losungunuka ndilokulirapo, lomwe silingathandizire kuthawa kwa gasi.Kusakwanira kwa deoxidation kwa weld metal kumawonjezeranso mpweya wa okosijeni.
(2) Kuvulaza kwa mawotchi: mawotchi amachepetsa gawo logwira ntchito la weld ndikumasula chowotcherera, motero amachepetsa mphamvu ndi pulasitiki ya olowa ndikuyambitsa kutayikira.Porosity ndi chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa kupsinjika maganizo.Hydrogen porosity ingathandizenso kuphulika kozizira.

Njira zopewera:

a.Chotsani banga lamafuta, dzimbiri, madzi ndi ma sundries kuchokera ku waya wowotcherera, poyambira ndi malo oyandikana nawo.
b.Ndodo zowotcherera zamchere ndi zotuluka ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuwumitsa bwino.
c.Kulumikiza kwa DC reverse ndi kuwotcherera kwa arc kwakanthawi kumakhazikitsidwa.
D. Preheat pamaso kuwotcherera kuti muchepetse liwiro lozizira.
E. kuwotcherera adzachitidwa ndi specifications ndi amphamvu.

Crackle
Njira zopewera ming'alu ya kristalo:
a.Chepetsani zomwe zili ndi zinthu zovulaza monga sulfure ndi phosphorous, ndikuwotcherera ndi zinthu zokhala ndi mpweya wochepa.
b.Zinthu zina za alloy zimawonjezeredwa kuti muchepetse makhiristo a columnar ndi tsankho.Mwachitsanzo, aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo amatha kuyeretsa mbewu.
c.Chowotcherera chokhala ndi malo osaya chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza kutentha kwa kutentha kotero kuti zosungunuka zotsika zimayandama pamwamba pa weld ndipo sizipezeka mu weld.
d.Zowotcherera ziyenera kusankhidwa moyenerera, ndipo kutentha ndi kutentha kumatengedwa kuti kuchepetsa kuzizira.
e.Landirani kutsata koyenera kuti muchepetse kupsinjika kwa kuwotcherera.

Njira zopewera ming'alu ya kutenthanso:
a.Samalani kulimbikitsa zotsatira za metallurgical ndi mphamvu zawo pa reheat ming'alu.
b.Yatsani kutentha koyenera kapena gwiritsani ntchito afterheat kuti muchepetse kuzizira.
c.Chepetsani kupsinjika kotsalira kuti mupewe kupsinjika maganizo.
d.Pakutentha, pewani kutentha komwe kumakhala ming'alu yotenthetseranso kapena kufupikitsa nthawi yokhala m'derali.

Njira zopewera ming'alu yozizira:
a.Ndodo yowotcherera yamtundu wa haidrojeni yotsika iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, zouma mosamalitsa, zosungidwa pa 100-150 ℃, ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito potenga.
b.Kutentha kwa preheating kudzawonjezedwa, njira zowotchera positi ziyenera kutengedwa, ndipo kutentha kwa interpass sikuyenera kukhala kotsika kuposa kutentha kwa preheating.Mafotokozedwe oyenera owotcherera adzasankhidwa kuti apewe zomata komanso zolimba mu weld.
c.Sankhani njira yowotcherera yoyenera kuti muchepetse kuwotcherera komanso kupsinjika.
d.Chitani hydrogen kuchotsa kutentha kutentha mu nthawi pambuyo kuwotcherera